The Origin And Development Of Your Interest - 975 Words

1. Discuss the origin and development of your interest in social work; include any influences that your family, personal, educational, and vocational experiences may have had on your career choice. I grew up in a small town in Northern Louisiana called Ferriday. Ferriday is small, therefore it’s hard to keep internal family business private from the outside world. I witness many things growing up in my small town. I witness parents neglecting their children, a daughter being sold by her mother for drugs and money, and many other unspeakable things. I personally went through a phase during my teen years. It was a point of time where I was too afraid to talk to my mother and grandmother about what was going on with me. I feel that I can personally related to an adolescence that’s going through a teen phase. I decided that I to pursue a career with working with children and adolescence. My older cousin was attending Southern University at the time, pursuing a degree in Social Work. She inspired me to become a social worker, after she told me what all a social worker do. 2. Discuss your personal qualifications for social work practice; include strengths and limitations that may affect your ability to help others. In order to be a social worker you have to be able to communicate, be nonjudgmental, respectful of others beliefs, and be a good listener. My friends always came to me for advice. I honestly grew up to fast, therefore, I experienced things at in earlyShow MoreRelatedEssay about The Origin of the Game of Basketball1391 Words   |  6 Pageswidely popular sport was created. From this paper, one will acquire information about the origin of the game of basketball, how the game has evolved over time, and basketball as a business. â€Å"The two questions that I am most commonly asked when I am discussing basketball with persons whom I have just met are, How did you come to think of it? and What changes have taken place in the game since its origin?†Ã¢â‚¬  (Naismith 61). The game of basketball started at a local YMCA in Springfield, MassachusettsRead MoreHow My Own Values, Beliefs and Personal Experiences Might Affect My Work Practice648 Words   |  3 Pagesconsider important and what interests you. You may find you react positively to people who share your values and less warmly to people who have different priorities. When you develop friendships, it is natural to spend time with people who share your interests and values. However, the professional relationships you develop with people you support are another matter. As a professional, you are required to provide the same quality of support for all, not just for those who share your views and beliefs. ThisRead MoreEssay on African American Academic Discipline Studies1305 Words   |  6 PagesThe Origin, Development, and Purpose of Africana Studies as an Academic Discipline Thesis African American Studies is a change agent for the ideology of Black Americans. Black studies as an academic discipline serves to reorient the perspective of African Americans in an effort to regain a sense of pride and cultural identity stolen by white society. Abstract Ever since the Europeans forcefully brought Africans west, black people have struggled with a loss of their true culture andRead MoreThe Origin of Species1246 Words   |  5 Pagesthat could potentially debase society’s understanding of what was fact was published and it summarized a theory that humans have slowly evolved from a primitive form, commonly called the Theory of Evolution.(Kennedy Pg.572) The book titled On the Origin of Species by Means of Natural Selection, or the Preservation of Favoured Races in the Struggle for Life was written by an English naturalist and geologist, Charles Darwin, and it overcame the scientific rejection that earlier similar theories hadRead MoreHuman Nature Is Good, And Being A Beast1165 Words   |  5 Pagesbeast. Thus, Rousseau argued that present-day humans should seek to restore the natural conditions in which they were created to live a more natural life. Both theorists argue the origins of power, each with their own arguments. To begin with, Hobbes’ and Rousseau’s views differ from each other in terms of the natural origin and state of mankind. Hobbes’ theory is largely based on the idea of â€Å"individualism†: that society can be explained by examining the individuals who form it. Consequently, HobbesRead MoreMy Theory Of Classroom Management1073 Words   |  5 Pagesstudents about their life outside of class, I feel that they respond in class even more, knowing that someone is paying attention to them. I want them to feel comfortable asking questions of me. I want to motivate students to learn and keep their interest by using engaging curriculum. I want to involve students in setting the rules of the classroom as well as what curriculum they would like to study. I believe if students feel they are involved in the workings of the classroom, they will be more motivatedRead MoreThe Importance of a Managers Behavior924 Words   |  4 Pagesthe forthcoming merger of the company with Enviro Tech and the envisioned success from this long-awaited merger. A lot will be expected of you to make this development a success and much of that success has to do with behavior. Because you deal directly with the workforce, a lot depends on you. Your Behavior and Employee Productivity Your relationship with our employees influences their job satisfaction, loyalty to the company and their incentive to work efficiently and productively (CallahanRead MoreThe Negro Digs Up His Past920 Words   |  4 PagesNegro Digs up His Past†. The beginning of this essay revealed a powerful statement, â€Å"The American Negro must remake his past in order to make his future† (Arthur Schomburg). It is very clear, Schomburg realized the importance of being knowledgeable on your true history. â€Å"History must restore what slavery took away, for it is the social damage of slavery that the present generations must repair and offset†. Therefore, I acquiesce with such statement, it is up to the present generation to fight, and toRead MoreWhat Is Philosophy? How Does It Influence Our Lives?1192 Words   |  5 Pagesinfluence us. We study philosophy so not to be taken in by demagoguery. We study philosophy to train our minds to never fall victim to limiting our min ds to this phantasmagoria-paradigm that we call reality. We live in a world of let me see if I can change your mind. Philosophy teaches us self-discipline in forming our views and opinions, while identifying the areas we are weak in. â€Å"Philosophy is also important in getting us to defend our own positions, to take other people’s positions seriously, but stillRead MoreNeil Shubin s Your Inner Fish Essay1689 Words   |  7 PagesReview With a writing style that is enabled by an obvious adoration of the subject, Neil Shubin explores the predecessors of the human species in his book Your Inner Fish. Shubin draws upon his unique background as a paleontologist, embryologist, and geneticist to trace defining phenotypical traits that are inherent to humans to even the simplest of organisms. He delves into the difficult details of evolution that have long remained mysteries until recent years, specifically analyzing the transition

The Human Resource ( Hr ) - 1572 Words

The human resource (HR) in an organization deals with the day to day operations of the human resources department. The HR department deals with business law, compensation, employee relations, benefits, medical and the like. HR focuses on whom the organization hires, whom the organization fires and remediation to employees who need discipline and retooling to continue their employment. The functions of the HR department in my organization include: recruiting and retaining talent, performance management and compensation, employee benefits, recruitment and staffing and employee rights and safety. In spite of the turbulent environment facing the healthcare industry today, my organization has however proven its effectiveness in performance measures however, improvement is needed in the areas of defining and aligning organizational purpose, creating organizational alignment and accurately measuring the right things. In rating this department, there are questions regarding the organizationà ¢â‚¬â„¢s strategic process that will be examine below. Recommendations will include creating an organizational culture where trust, open communication, and fairness are emphasized and demonstrated. Providing employees with opportunities for career advancement, offering a higher total rewards package than other organizations that compete for the same talent. By recruiting and retaining talent and providing professional and development training, the HR instillShow MoreRelatedThe Human Resource ( Hr )1655 Words   |  7 PagesThe human resource (HR) in an organization deals with the day to day operations of the human resources department. The HR department deals with business law, compensation, employee relations, benefits, medical and the like. HR focuses on whom the organization hires, whom the organization fires and remediation to employees who need discipline and retooling to continue their employment. The functions of the HR department in my organization includ e: recruiting and retaining talent, performance managementRead MoreHuman Resources and Hr985 Words   |  4 PagesActivity 1: Human resource department is the field that takes control of training and overseeing employees. Therefore, it is important for HR personnel to develop and maintain some skills and knowledge in that field. Based on the CIPD HR professional map, there are some strategies, insights and solutions that can be followed. One of them is to ensure that Individuals understand the organization s external goals and objectives and the different functions within it. Through understanding what shouldRead MoreThe Human Resource ( Hr )2186 Words   |  9 Pages The human resource (HR) in an organization deals with the day to day operations of the human resources department. The HR department deals with business law, compensation, employee relations, benefits, medical and the like. HR focuses on whom the organization hires, whom the organization fires and remediation to employees who need discipline and retooling to continue their employment. The functions of the HR department in my organization include: recruiting and retaining talent, performanceRead MoreHuman Resource Management ( Hr )1550 Words   |  7 PagesHuman Resource Management (HR) acts to serve a function which is aimed at maximizing the overall performance of a business and its employees in relation to the employer s set standards and strategic objectives. The primary focus of HR is concentrated upon the management of employees, and on the policies and systems within and outside the organisation. (Boxall Purcell, 2011). â€Å"Strategic Human Resource Management (SH RM) aims to align the functions and processes of HR with the strategic aims andRead MoreHuman Resource Management ( Hr )1499 Words   |  6 PagesHuman Resource Management (HR) is a function in an organisation aimed at maximizing employee performance in relation to the employer s set standards and strategic objectives. The primary focus of HR is concentrated upon the management of employees, and on the policies and systems within and outside the organisation. (Boxall Purcell, 2011). â€Å"Strategic Human Resource Management (SHRM) aims to align the functions and processes of HR with the strategic aims and objectives and competitive advantageRead MoreHuman Resource Management and Hr1030 Words   |  5 PagesThe report below sets out the importance of the HR function, explains how HR activities support the organisation’s strategy and ways HR support line managers and their staff. The HR Function is in a position to add value by proper formulation and implementations of the following activities and in turn support the organisation strategy. Recruitment and Selection Recruiting the wrong people can lead to a drop in productivity, lack of commitment, low morale, and rapid staff turnover, all of whichRead MoreHuman Resources ( Hr ) Managers980 Words   |  4 PagesHuman Resources (HR) managers today are faced with many different issues than those in the past. While human resources managers are still responsible for the interviewing, hiring, training and orientation of new employees, this position has developed into much more than the initial hiring of the employee. They are also responsible for keeping employees and other managers up-to-date and aware of the diversity issues, and strategically implementing programs that align with the goals of the organizationRead MoreThe Human Resource ( Hr ) Department1500 Words   |  6 PagesThe Human Resource (HR) department manages the tangible indirect reward to employees. The Benefits that an employer provides to their employees are ones needed to provide the motivation to retain their employment and pr ovide a positive return on investment. With the rising cost of health care, companies are relying on their HR department to provide benefits that will help in lowering the cost associated with older workers. Employers have found one benefit that has provided the greatest return onRead MoreHuman Resource ( Hr ) Departments988 Words   |  4 PagesHuman Resource (HR) departments were established to help companies enhance their employee’s potential, which in turn enhances the performance of the company. HR departments are expanding in companies regardless of their size. Due to state and federal law, human resource departments have to adapt and grow. These HR laws are in place to help both the employee and the employer. This paper will discuss the Family and Medical Leave Act and what it is able to provide for employees. The Law PublicRead MoreHuman Resource Management And The Hr Department1532 Words   |  7 Pages Although Human Resource Management did begin as a administrative job, advancements in technology has increased a business’s resources to the point of needing this department to take on a more strategic role. The HR Department is or all intend and purposes the center point for the employees needs ranging from - payroll, benefits, vacation, as well as staying up to date with the legal matters. The roles the HR department have always been aimed at meeting the needs of the employee, with a strategic

Books beyond paper Free Essays

The technological developments in the field of computers and internet have brought in far reaching changes in both at home and the office. Communication through letters has changed over to exchange of e-mails. The vast storage space available in the computer is being utilized for storing text, music, pictures and video in electronic format. We will write a custom essay sample on Books beyond paper or any similar topic only for you Order Now Once inside the computer hard disk, they are all digital files consisting of bits of ‘ones’ and ‘zeroes’. Office automation has improved efficiency and has provided cost reduction to survive in a competitive environment. Modern technology is known to have had its impact on every part of our life. It can’t leave the world of books untouched. e-book We are living in the age of information and the internet. This is the period of the knowledge economy. There are several changes that have taken place in the work area. Most of the work is being done using the computer, intranet and the internet. Modern offices have become paperless offices. Faster microprocessors and higher disk space available in the computer has made storage and retrieval of data faster and convenient and this has helped Project Gutenberg to convert texts of classical literature into the digital format (History and philosophy of Project Gutenberg, 1992). The idea was to make books and other information to be made available to the general public. The World Wide Web can be considered as a vast library where all sorts of information is stored and is accessible to anybody from any corner of the world. The websites which form the World Wide Web can be considered as the books or magazines of the virtual library. The websites have different applications such as games, on line shopping, networking, music and video sharing. But there are many websites such as online dictionaries and encyclopedias which have been organized similar to books or printed matter. Some of these websites and the databases can be considered as electronic books (Bradley F. James). HTML coding is the standard followed by all websites to accommodate text as well as pictures. A server is a host where the WebPages are uploaded. Hundreds of such WebPages are put together in a common server with a domain name so that they can be accessed easily. The WebPages are interconnected using hypertext links. This has resulted in a network consisting of WebPages full of information on all sorts of topics. Massive work is in progress in adding content to the websites and they are being periodically updated. There are any number of online libraries which host books that can be read on the net. The HTML coded text can be read using the web browsers. In addition there are books that can be downloaded which are generally in pdf format. Adobe Acrobat Reader is the software that is required for reading text in pdf format. Reading a book from a computer screen is not same as reading from the printed book. It is basically the comfort level of the reader. To make the concept of the e-book more acceptable and also to provide the reader the flexibility of reading the book as per his requirement, several manufacturers have come up with paperback size portable electronic gadgets that work on batteries. The e-books come in two broad categories; the personal digital assistant (PDA) and electronic reading device (ERD). While PDA is for multi-function use and it is considered as a hand held computer, ERD is specially designed and marketed for reading pleasure. ERD has the provision to download and store the e-book files from a computer hard disk and display text on a screen. For music files mp3 compression became a standard but there is no such standard for e-books. There are as many as 25 different formats which are being promoted by different manufacturers. In addition, the e-books that are commercially made available are with digital rights management (DRM), a form of security to prevent people from sharing without authorization (Rosso Sara, 2009). The dedicated e-book readers use E Ink technology to simulate text printed on paper and ink particles are displayed electronically. There is no need of backlighting of the display. It can be read even in broad day light. Amazon kindle is a product developed by Amazon. com and the second generation model became available in March 2009. There is provision to deliver content directly to the e-book within a wireless coverage area hence a computer is not required to download content. It has features such as choosing text size; the text can be read out either through speakers or headphones while the screen continues to show the text being read; choice of voice can be male or female; dictionary look up for a particular word without disturbing the content; notes made are saved and backed up on Amazon servers. It has capacity to hold thousand digital books, and other text from magazines and blogs. Whatever books purchased from Amazon. com are in a store for the customer and he can download them as and when he wants through the wireless access provided. All other text files belonging to the user which are in different formats can be uploaded to Amazon where they get converted to kindle format and are available for downloading and reading on the device (Kindle User’s Guide). PRS-700 is the third generation Reader available from Sony and has additional features such as touch screen, on screen key board, and side lighting for reading in poor light. The addition of touch screen is supposed to have affected the display contrast. A portable mp3 player is integrated within the Reader to listen to music in the background. The internal storage capacity may be limited to 350 books but it has memory stick and SDHC SD card slot to store thousands of books and tunes (Gade Lisa, 2008). It uses Sony software to synchronize with desk top computer to transfer books to the Reader. It supports different text formats such as text, RTF, MS Word, PDF and ePub. The iLiad book from iRex Technologies is an e-book with 8. 1 inch touchscreen display and has memory that can be expanded to 8 GB to accommodate up to 10,000 books in digital format. This needs to be connected to a PC using a USB cable to search and browse the net to download books or get it from mobipocket. com an online ebook-store. Mobipocket Reader is the software that works with this device. The handwritten notes can be converted to digital text. This device supports several formats (Stunningly paper-like). Cybook Gen3 is an e-book from the French manufacturer Bookeen, slightly smaller in size with a six inch screen and easily fits in the hand. There is no provision for taking notes and Wi-Fi connectivity for downloading data. It needs to be connected to the PC with a USB cable to transfer data. 64MB built in memory is provided and SD card can be used for additional storage. It supports several text formats including PDF. It has an mp3 player for listening to music and also for playing audio books. It is energy efficient and the battery provides 8000 screen refreshes (Vogel Sandra, 2008). The present generation of student population is technology friendly and would love the text books in a digital format which provides a clear advantage of easy portability in a laptop. It is easier for the libraries to store them and many people can access them using the intranet or the internet. The content can be updated as required. The library can transform itself from a place of storing books to an information portal. There is a need to distinguish the reading content from the e-book as a medium for storage and reading. It is just like the difference between the music and the storage medium such as cassettes, CDs and mp3 digital files. The technological changes that were accepted in the music industry have helped in distributing music in different formats and now iPods and iTunes are the most popular form of the medium and the distribution channel for music. We are hopeful of a similar transformation to take place in text content and its medium and distribution provided the problem of DRM is settled and text content file is made available at a fractional price of its printed counterpart. A standard open file format will be helpful in expanding the market Conclusion The text in digital format has several advantages of small size, easy portability, searching capability, font type and size, and ready access to dictionary. In theses days where people are losing reading interest, the rigid attitude of publishers on DRM and high cost of text in digital format is coming in the way of generating customer interest in e-book as a useful reading of tool. Works cited Bradley F. James â€Å"The Electronic Book and PDA† retrieved on 2009-05-14 http://www. scinet. cc/articles/ebook/electronicbook. html Gade Lisa â€Å"Sony Reader PRS-700† Nov 11, 2008 Mobile Tech Review retrieved on 2009-05-15 http://www. mobiletechreview. com/gadgets/Sony-Reader-PRS-700. htm â€Å"History and philosophy of Project Gutenberg† Aug 92 retrieved on 2009-05-14 http://www. promo. net/pg/history. html â€Å"Kindle User’s Guide† 3rd edition retrieved on 2009-05-15 https://kindle. s3. amazonaws. com/Kindle_Users_Guide_v3. pdf Rosso Sara â€Å"How to Read an ebook: Formats, Devices, Dedicated Readers and iPhone Applications† Mar 10, 2009 retrieved on 2009-05-14 http://www. whenihavetime. com/how-to-read-an-ebook-formats-devices-dedicated-readers-and-iphone-applications/? PHPSESSID=bb4854fd629733b5375a6a83a7f0d70d â€Å"Stunningly, Paper-like† The iLiad Book Edition retrieved on 2009-05-16 http://www. irextechnologies. com/products/bookedition/features Vogel Sandra â€Å"Bookeen Cybook Gen3 Review† Nov 9, 2008 Trusted Reviews retrieved on 2009-05-16 http://www. trustedreviews. com/mobile-devices/review/2008/01/09/Bookeen-Cybook-Gen3/p1 How to cite Books beyond paper, Papers

African dance free essay sample

African Dance Types Africa is a vast continent, consisting of many countries and hugely diverse cultures. African dance mainly refers to the collective dance type of the Sub- Sahara Africa, which is the African tribal dance. There are many aspects that affect the African dance types. Here are some glimpses of African dance types African dance types are distinct from each other because of the diversity, of the nomadic groups and the indigenous tribes, that practice them. The African dances symbolize social structure and traditional values of the people related to them.These dance types help the African people to praise, criticize ND even work with each other. African dances heavily rely upon the African music, which is a very interesting form Of music, despite the fact that in many African tribal languages, there is no particular word for music. African Dance Characteristics In most African countries, music is an essential part of peoples daily life. The two basic and very important musical components in African culture are human voice and the drums.It is also true that many African tribal dance forms, such as the Mamas, dont use the African drums. In native language African drums, known as December symbolize peoples day-to-day life. The rum beats explain the mood of the tribal people and evokes the deepest emotions. African dances tend to explain the lives and feelings of an African individual, a couple or an entire community. The African dances are classified on the basis of gender and deeply reinforce certain community structures like age, status, context and kinship. In African dance, men usually expend jumps and leaps while women dancers perform crooked knee positions and bent body postures. The most recognized dancing method is a group of dancers dancing in a circle with a drummer in the middle. The African attitude towards music is said to be two. 0 dimensional, the tribal Africans supposedly follow the three against the two beats of the drum. Drums always accompany them at every occasion in their life. African dance includes cross-rhythms of the musical instruments along with total body movements.Different body parts are highlighted in different tribal groups. To be more precise, subtle movement of the hips is emphasized in the Calamari dance form of Nigeria, whereas upper body movements are essential part in the dance form Of Ghana, named Ann.-Ewe. African dance is mainly a sort of public event, where there are lesser number f spectators and more of performers. So, in dance forms like Your, people touching each other while dancing was not so appreciated. Their main dancers and master drummers are very particular about the correctness of the dancing postures.There are not many lyrics but there are nonverbal clues and the lyrics are explained through the beats of the drums and intense humming and other such type of sounds. African tribal dance or African folk dance is performed on almost all the occasions in the peoples everyday life. The African folk dance is nothing but a cultural activity that is followed sincerely, almost as a ritual. African people dance on all the occasions like childbirth, various festivals, marriages, recalling certain experiences in the past, funerals and also to worship Gods.Welcome Dance These dances are performed to please the visitors and show them the happiness that the tribe is feeling on their arrival. The other reason to perform welcome dance is to show the guests, how versatile and talented the villagers are. Celebration or Love Dance These dances are performed on certain festive and really very happy occasions like weddings, various tribal festivals and anniversaries. Coming of Age Dance This dance is performed to celebrate coming of age of the young men and women. It is a rite Of passage that many tribes follow and celebrate. The dancers perform in front of all the tribal members, which gives them immense pride as well as confidence. Warrior Dance Warrior dances are performed at various cultural events and occasions. The warrior dance movements are a fusion of warfare movements such as stabbing with the artistic movement of the body, according to the drum beats. The dance steps also consist of turn with phrase endings and various other aggressive body movements. Summoning and Possession Dance Summoning and possession are the most common African folk dances and are also very important in many indigenous religions.This dance is performed in almost all tribes for calling a spirit. The spirits are the ones that are worshiped by that specific tribe. The summoning dance is also performed when there is a drought or a war. African Tribe Dance Trivia African tribal dances totally differ from their counterparts all over the world. In some African tribal dances, certain impressive dancing properties are also used to entertain the guests. For example: Yuba dance: Yuba is dance arm from Nigeria or the western African region.In this dance, The Beaded Gourd Rattle called Seekers in native language, is thrown in the air to indicate the rhythm changes. Ekberg dance: This dance is originally the dance of Ewe and Foe tribes from western African region. This dance is peculiarly performed with horsetails, at the times of funerals. Dumdum dance: The Mammas people perform their traditional dance called Dumdum. This dance is performed at the coming of age ceremony of the warriors. Spanking dance: This African folk dance belongs to the Ga ethnic group from Ghana. This once is performed with certain conga like drums that are called Spanking.The dance is also known as African drum dance. Sometime dance: This dance is also referred to as shaking dance, as the dance involves peculiar movement of the pests region of the body. This dance is specifically performed by the South African Xhosa tribe. Midland dance: This dance is best known as African Zulu dance. It is performed by the Zulu tribes of South Africa. In this dance the dancer lifts his one leg to the height of his head and bangs it down hard against the ground. This dance is also referred as Zulu war dance and is mainly performed at the Zulu weddings.There are numerous different African folk dances, as there are a lot of tribes present in the continent. African tribe dances like Timetabling;, Unmanning and Bola from Uganda, Mimosa from Zaire and many other dance forms are still practiced in Africa. Due to globalization and several other reasons, like extinction of certain African tribes, the traditional African tribe dances are on the verge of quenching. There are several famous African nationals who are constantly trying to save and make the types of African dance popular all over the world.Zulu Dancing and Zulu Dances Young boys Zulu Dance Gumboots Gumboot dancing, or Statistical, was born in the gold mines of South Africa during the oppressive Apartheid Pass Laws. Working in the mines was full of hardships. The floors of the mines were often flooded, providing gumboots to the workers was cheaper than attempting to drain the mines. The miners were forced into silence by their oppressive bosses, and as a result created their own unique form of Morse Code. By stamping their feet, rattling their ankle chains and slapping their boots, the enslaved workers sent messages to each other in the darkness.This developed as a form of entertainment during their free time. Jive During the years of the oppressive apartheid government in South Africa, people in townships kept their spirits up with the energetic township jive. Township jive is a blend of African rhythms, the Swell flute and American- style swing and rock melodies. It was during this time that Aspiration developed a form of working class dance music and a dance style taken from the American jazz culture and films was adopted and adapted. Caperer Caperer is an Afro-Brazilian art form that combines elements of martial arts, music, and dance.It was created around the sixteenth century in Brazil by slaves brought from Africa, particularly what is Angola today. Participants form a circle, and take turns playing musical instruments (such as the Bermuda), singing, or ritually sparring in pairs in the center of the circle. The purpose of Caperer has different theories. One theory describes it as a uniquely Brazilian folk dance with improvised fighting movements, while another claims that it is a battle-ready fighting form directly descended from ancient African techniques.Midland Midland is a traditional Zulu dance that is performed by men of any age with rums and full traditional Zulu attire (skin(ambush), headings, ceremonial belts, ankle rattles, shields and spears). It most often demonstrates the war dances of the warriors. It is a dance requiring great strength, timing and a fearless attitude and control of the spear with forceful stabs in the air towards an imaginary enemy. The females dance similar steps when dancing the ongoing but less fierce. West African Dance Dance has always played a very important role in the lives of West Africans.It often mimics daily life, animals, or nature and there is a dance for every significant occasion such as birth, harvest or death. Different parts of the body are emphasized by different groups. The upper body is emphasized by the Onto-Ewe and Lobo of Ghana. Subtle accent of the hips is characteristic of the Calamari of Nigeria and in other parts of Nigeria, dancers commonly combine at least two rhythms in their movement. In Gabon strong contraction-release movements of the pelvis and upper torso characterize both male and female dancing. The Akin of Ghana use the feet and hands in specific ways.In general men use large body movements, including jumping and leaping. Women dance smaller movements with much use of shuffle steps, the body in a bent position with crooked knees. Dancing in the middle of a circle formed by a group of people is common, sometimes solo dancers or musicians in the middle, sometimes couples with people outside the circle singing and encouraging the dancers on. Through the slave trade, and decades of migration of West Africans into the western world, West African dance has found its way around the globe.West African Dance has influenced many popular Western dance forms, such as hip-hop, salsa and jazz dance. Cambium Cambium is a Colombian musical style and folk dance that began as a courtship dance practiced among the slave population, during the period of Spanish colonization. Spain used Columbians ports to import African slaves, who tried to preserve their musical traditions and also turned the drumming and dances into a courtship ritual. Cambium was mainly performed with just drums and slaves that was later mixed with European instruments and musical characteristics Cambium is a variant of Guiana comb music.However, the rhythm of Cambium Can be found in music Of Your and in other musical radiation across West Africa. This slave courtship ritual features Women playfully waving their long skirts while holding a candle, and men dance behind the women with one hand behind their back and the other hand either holding a hat, putting it on, or taking it off. Male dancers also carried a red handkerchief which they either wrapped around their necks, waved in circles in the air, or held out for the women to hold. Swell Swell is a happy, pennyweights-based, street music from southern Africa with jazzy underpinnings and a distinctive, lilt-like beat.They blended indigenous sic with American musical elements into a new form of street music. The term swell means get up and swell-swell was often the name given to the police vans that roamed the streets, looking to pick up pass offenders or street gamblers. The young pennyweights players often found on street corners, would begin playing their instrument to warn people in the local beer parlous (shebang) of the approaching police vans. By the 1 sass penny whis tle music and dance parties were a major recreational activity of the townships.

The rise of the online university

Starting a new venture such as an online university is a risky affair under any circumstance. In fact, the risks are further aggravated when the new venture has few precedents.Advertising We will write a custom assessment sample on The rise of the online university specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More In addition to the risks associated with a new venture, an online university must raise capital from cynical sources, hire inexperienced staff, and establish a new market for its services (Greenwood Suddaby, 2006, p.29). This paper will address two problems associated with a novel venture and the different types of legitimacies that need to be garnered in relation to online universities. There are two main challenges that an online university must face in new populations. First, it must devise efficient practices and capabilities under conditions of ambiguity and ignorance. Second, an online university must create relations with an envi ronment that is ignorant to their existence. In nutshell, an online university faces legitimacy issues as it strives to curve a niche in the market. The question that arises is: what is legitimacy? A number of social scientists have given different definitions of legitimacy. According Suchman, legitimacy is â€Å"a generalized perception that the actions of an entity are desirable, proper, or appropriate within some socially constructed system of norms, values†¦and definitions† (1995, p.574). Legitimacy is socially constructed in the sense that it mirrors an analogy between the activities of the legalized entity (online university) and the common values of a particular social group (Suchman, 1995, p.574). There are three main types of organizational legitimacy that are relevant to the existence of an online university. Pragmatic legitimacy entails the direct exchanges between the entity (online university) and its immediate audiences (Suchman, 1995, p.578). It also refer s to the process where the public, main stakeholders, government officials and other influential leaders accept a venture as suitable and right (Aldrich Fiol, 1994, p.648). Moral legitimacy, on the other hand, mirrors a normative assessment of the online university and its activities. It is mainly concerned with whether the activities of the online university support the welfare of the society. Thus, moral legitimacy gives credence to the social welfare of the society over the organization’s self-interests (Thornton Ocasio, 2008, p.103).Advertising Looking for assessment on education? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Cognitive legitimacy involves the spread of knowledge concerning a novel technology. It can be ascertained by assessing the level of public knowledge regarding a new technology. An example is the introductions of online universities that have enable millions of students around the world to access education from their homes (Suchman, 1995, p.581). Lack of adequate sociopolitical legitimacy is a major barrier to the introduction of novel technology. For example, online universities may fail to secure approval from vigilant government agencies because the society lacks knowledge about its activities and the related long-term effects (Aldrich Fiol, 1994, p.661). Government agencies can make a major contribution by restructuring the inter-organizational atmosphere of new entities (such as online universities) in order to foster understanding between firms. The methods for developing and sustaining trust, reputation, trust and institutional legitimacy are interrelated. Obtaining the trust of stakeholders within and around the new entity creates a foundation from which to develop a knowledge base through mutual exchange rules with other comparable organizations. These interactions eventually enable member organizations to organize as a group and to create an expansive reputation of their i ndustry as a permanent reality. Trust is an important element that facilitates a smooth flow throughout the legitimacy-building process (Aldrich Fiol, 1994, p.663). References Aldrich, H.E., Fiol, C.M. (1994). Fools rush in? The Institutional Context of Industry Creation. Academy of Management Review, 19, 645-670. Greenwood, R., Suddaby, R. (2006). Institutional Entrepreneurship in Mature Fields: The Big Five Accounting Firms. Academy of Management Journal, 49: 27-48 Suchman, M.C. (1995). Managing Legitimacy: Strategic and Institutional Approaches. Academy of Management Review, 20, 571-610.Advertising We will write a custom assessment sample on The rise of the online university specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Thornton, PH Ocasio, W. (2008). Institutional Logics. New York: Ashgate Publishing. This assessment on The rise of the online university was written and submitted by user Yusuf Robinson to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

buy custom Waiting for Superman essay

buy custom Waiting for Superman essay Davis Guggenheim, in the documentary Waiting for Superman, brings to light the corrupted and broken educational system of America. He says that the educational system is heading downhill, causing more harm than good, or suppressing growth, which it should enable anyway. In this documentary, he uses the Superman figure as the Superhero, or someone that should come along and save the educational system and the country at large from stunted growth and subsequent collapse. Waiting for Superman, released in 2010, is a documentary that sets out to unveil the causes of problems in the current educational system, and how it is producing children who are less educated. Moreover, it foresees an even worse scenario with the lapse of time if superman does not save the occasion. Therefore, Guggenheim explains that some of the factors, that affect childrens education, range from broken homes, availability of good education, and jobless or single parents. To make it clear, he concentrates on five children and their desperate families, who experience these challenges first-hand. He brings you even closer to what they experience through personal interviews with the children and their families, and makes an evaluation of how these factors directly affect their educational performances. The children on the spotlight are Bianca, a child in kindergarten and the first grade student, Francisco, who have both applied to Harlem Success Academy. The other children on observ ation are fifth grade students Daisy and Anthony; and an eighth grade student, Emily, who is at Silicon Valley. Anthony of Washington D.C does not live with his mother or father. Instead, his grandmother, Gloria, is the only guardian he knows. Ms. Gloria explains explicitly in the documentary there was no choice of a better school for her grandson. She loves him so much and she would do anything for him, even take him to the best school if she could. It is only unfortunate that there is no choice-option of a better school in the neighborhood. Bianca, on the other hand, has very big dreams. She wants to be a doctor, or a nurse. However, the challenge is that the parents are struggling so much financially My dad is struggling because he doesnt have a job, and my mom is also trying to get a job. Essentially, this cuts off her parents ability to take her to a private school. Firstly, after having a critical look at the theme of this documentary, it has become clear that the major issue, or the matter of concern, is the quality of education that the students get at school. Do the students get relevant knowledge that is necessary to develop skills for a good career? Guggenheim explains in the documentary that this is most unlikely because of overcrowding in public schools, which does not allow for a more interpersonal relationship between teachers and their students. Secondly, the system does facilitate teachers professional growth. On the contrary, it retains teachers who perform poorly. Consequently, these less performing teachers migrate from one school to another in a scene known as Lemon Dance. From the documentary, a student asks their teacher, are you just going to sit there or are you going to teach us? This is just a snap shot of what the students go through, once the teachers are sure that they cannot lose their job under whatever circumstance. Therefore, whether they teach their students or not, it does not really matter. They will still receive payment, and cannot be fired, as the educational system dictates. Moreover, in the 1990s charter schools emerged. In more often situations, these schools produce excellent results, and are the reasons why most people flock and apply for opportunities to have their children go to charter schools. The secret behind these schools excellent results is that they are run independently from other district schools, and not by the rules that govern other educational institutions. The teachers in these schools are more determined to give results, and spend extra time with their students as opposed to public schools. The charter schools are very attractive to most parents who want their children to excel. However, in schools like KIPP schools, Harlem Success Academy, and The SEED School of Washington they cannot take too many students. The available slots are very few, and the applicants for them are very many. In that case, as is evident in the documentary, the schools have to run a public lottery for the available positions. In conclusion, I certainly agree with Guggenheims idea that lack of development, or economic stagnation is not to blame entirely on the teachers, but on the education system and the curriculum. In the 1970s, the current education system gave great results. However, times have changed. Economic needs and other aspects of the global market, as technologies have changed and the educational syllabus has remained constant. It is, therefore, important for school program to be in synchrony with economic demands. Additionally, in my opinion, education should start right from home. Parents ought to push their children a little bit, especially when the children do not show much interest in education. For example, Francisco does not like to go to school. I think this is because he does not get mentorship about the importance of education from home. Buy custom "Waiting for Superman" essay

Research Assignment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Research Assignment - Essay Example The Voting Rights Act 1965 was considered as one of the landmark legislations in the history of United States to ensure that there exists no voting discrimination. This act specifically prohibits local governments as well as States not to impose any qualifications on the voting rights of the citizens despite the fact that voting has not been specifically defined as a right under the Constitution of the country. Through Section 4 and 5 it implemented an effective check over the States to get preclearance from the Federal government if States were required to bring any change in the voting laws. Supreme Court of the Country however, recently termed section 4(b) of the Voting Rights Act 1965 as unconstitutional while not striking down Section 5 of the Act. This decision however, has created a strong debate on the voting discrimination and the how it may affect the overall voting rights of the citizens. Issues like voter IDs have resurfaced and are considered as discriminatory in nature. The Voting Rights Act 1965 and Discriminatory Voting The Voting Rights Act 1965 is considered as one of the landmark legislations in the history of United States of America. ... bsequent legislations after the 15th Amendment were directed at ensuring that States comply with the constitutional requirement however, after reconstruction, Federal government failed to however, effectively implement all the provisions and resultantly States enacted various laws and regulations which restrained the voting rights of the individuals. Section 4 and 5 of VRA put in place a formula based upon which States as well as local bodies were required to obtain preclearance from the Federal government regarding changes in the voting as well as voting legislations. This formula was decided based upon the historical facts and observations regarding the behavior of States and local bodies involved in the discretionary voting practices. Section 4 and 5 were therefore considered as important provisions which gave powers to the Federal Government to put restrictions on the local bodies as well as States not to engage in any discriminatory practices. Supreme Court Decision, Voter IDs a nd Discrimination Prior to the decision of Supreme Court, there were incidences where local bodies as well as States were clearly indulged into making changes in the laws to encourage discrimination during the voting. In 2010, Georgia passed a bill to reschedule the elections after it was revealed during the census that the blacks have become majority in certain areas.1 Though the change only affected Richmond- Augusta however, it was later rejected under Section 5 of the Voting Rights Act 1965. In Shelby County vs Holder, Supreme Court struck down Section 4 terming it unconstitutional while it retained Section 5. However, without Section 4, the overall significance of Section 5 is almost negligible. While striking down the law, Supreme Court declared that the law is based upon 40 years old

Buyer behaviour and communication strategies BB644 Assignment

Buyer behaviour and communication strategies BB644 - Assignment Example Moreover, the Toyota Prius family including Prius 1.8, Prius C and Prius V wagon will provide consumers with more models to choose from. The main goal is to create awareness of the hybrid technology developed by Toyota in the form of Toyota Prius family. By advertising and promoting the product, we wish to position Prius as a comfortable yet powerful car for the fun-loving and family-centered individuals alike. The communication channels are meant to draw interest and instigate a desire among consumers to make a purchase. The advertising should effectively create the desired image on the minds of the consumers in order to generate brand awareness which can productively be converted into sales. Moreover, the intended purpose of using communication channels is to stimulate buyer readiness through knowledge dissemination which educates the public about the damages of conventional fossil fuel engine cars and the new hybrid technology which has been stylishly designed in the form of Toyota Prius series. This notion is intended to trigger consumers to consider a change in their automobile preferences in order to try out th e hybrid car series by Toyota which is both, energy efficient and cost effective, as compared to other cars by the competitors. So, the main focus can be said to highlight the novel attributes of the Toyota Prius family and its hybrid technology. Also, the economic perspective of the Toyota Prius series is pivotal in convincing consumers that the cars have been made to suit the needs of everybody including families, individuals, and adventurous youths. Communication strategy is an important phase of strategy development and marketing products. In particular, it is critical to the segmentation, targeting, and positioning of the Toyota Prius family in the minds of the target consumers. The image any particular brand conjures up in the mind of the consumer is significant in determining

Future business needs of reverse logistics Research Paper

Future business needs of reverse logistics - Research Paper Example It is becoming a concern in the modern day supply chain that retailers should try to incorporate reverse logistics into supply transactions and should not treat them as individual or minor cases. The management in lace should also strive to link up the various transactions in the supply chain to be in line with reverse logistics. The statistical control process can be of great help in the shaping the future of reverse logistics. This type of approach emphasizes on the end quality of a particular product. This process emphasizes on efficiency and ensures that the desired end goal is met with minimized waste and increased efficiency. This approach takes two stages: the first stage is the commencing of the process while the second stage is the frequent application of this process. The statistical control process commonly makes use of machine, man, material, and method in the manufacturing process (Dekker et al., 2004).. Since this method of production emphasizes on the quality of production, it puts a keen interest in the initial stages of this production method. This emphasis is to ensure that there is efficiency in the production process rather than correction of mistakes made at a later stage. This process can therefore mint reverse logistics into the initial programme of the supply chain to make the process more efficient and effective. The core tenets that the statistical control method applies are control charts, the stable process, and the excessive variation procedures to obtain the desired results. According to Dyckhoff et al. (2004), the leadership put in place should be in a position to ensure that the process is not only efficient but also put across counter attack procedures. The main aim of leadership in position is to ensure that the return of merchandise is swift, less costly and convenient to both the manufacturers and the customers. The leadership should ensure that there is avoidance of the return of already

Pop Music in Film

Pop Music in Film Music in film is one of those immensely involved but hugely underrated products. It comfortably sits in film going consciously unnoticed while it stimulates our subconscious, flowing freely through the narrative, to aid the emotional impact without overly changing the course of the film An indicator on how we should react in a film Music in films began with traditional scores in the silent film era. The reason it was called silent is because the film itself was silent and the music was made externally of the film, which was principally the piano, to reflect the various moods and emotions of characters and events. In conjunction to this it also covered up the noise emitted from the projector as well as being needed, psychologically, to smooth over natural human fears of darkness and silence (Brown 1994:12). The growing popularity of film lead to changes in the music and musical arrangements and lead to scores being written down to the various cliched typical situations in film. During the 1920s developments in technology saw the capabilities of film and music being broadcast internally and saw the introduction of sound films. Changing relationships between music and cinema has seen the introduction of pop music into the spectrum. It is this relationship between pop music and film and the way they operate in conjunction with each other is what I am going to explore. Diegetic and none diegetic Diegetic relates to the diegesis of the film and the sound source can be observed on screen for example, a band playing or the character listening to the radio. Non-diegetic appears outside of the film world and is used as background music, mood altering music or subconsciously adds to the suspense of the film until the use of sound started to appear in films the majority of music was none diegetic but the introduction of sound synced films added to realism of the film and gave diegetic music a sense of place in films Diegetic and none diegetic Diegesis refers to the fictional, imagined world of film, adverse to this non-diegesis refers to the objective world of the Film is represented by a series of events combined with dialogue, which is aided by actors. Financial and technical interests are taken into account and are concentrated on the actor, to not let anything overshadow the main character/s. The musical scripts are usually indefinite, thus music not being treated in the same way and potentially an outsider. Almost indispensable despite music currently playing a major part in film to make use of the silent scenes, for example a scene where the character is waiting for someone, no dialogue will be used and the only sound we can hear will be diegetic noises of his surrounding. This is a prime example of the use of non-diegetic music. The character could be waiting for a partner (therefore romantic music will be played over the top). Without the use of music the scene would be more realistic (we dont hear music when we are waiting for a partner) but the scene would not captivate the viewer and potentially make the viewer lose interest. On the other hand the music appearing in such situations could also be perceived as naÃÆ' ¯ve or childish and thus further distracting the view from the main focus. This issue is usually resolved by the characters involvement with the music , by singing, whistling, humming or even turning on the radio and the music goes from a transition of diegetic to none diegetic. Mass production of films has lead to a series of over elaborated typical events such as emotional crises that are ever reoccurring and standard methods that are formulated to arouse suspense. These events are aided by music, however the viewer has been made familiar with these events so the emotional response on the viewer is not always as intended. For the viewer the whole thing is ambiguous. If the screen shows a peaceful country side but the music over the top is sinister the viewer will expect something terrible about to happen. Does this intensify or alleviate the suspense? music in cinema has been determined by the practice of everyday life. It is adapted for the increasing needs of the film industry and reflected in clichà ©s and musical ideas that were considered to be in fashion. Subsequently standards have become entrenched through the history of film music into and including the current use of popular music in film. These clichà ©s continue throughout film and have gone from the standard classical score being use to the popular score being used. With the excessive use of such clichà ©s the powerful effect intended is not achieved because the listener has been made aware of such events through overuse by Hollywood. In todays standards popular music is being used in conjunction with classical score to aid in more dramatical scenes, such as the film Notting Hill. Anna Scott (a famous actress played by Julia Roberts) is doing her final press conference before leaving the UK to fly back home after being turned down by a lowly book seller, William Thacker (played by Hugh Grant), whom she fell in love and had a brief fling with. William realises his ways and races to the press conference to win her back. After some initial investigative and almost comical questions from William, who is imitating a journalist to find out if Anna really does love him, Anna announces she would have liked to have been mo re than just friends with William. Anna Scotts on screen agent then asks Dominic (a reporter at the press conference played by Andy De La Tour) Anna, how long where you intending to stay in here in Britain?, after a long suspended pause from Anna, then a transition shot to William, the camera moves back to Anna, she smiles as the camera zooms in on her face. Anna replies indefinitely as the classic cover of She by Elvis Costello (originally by Charles Aznavour). This speaks volumes and makes the viewer relate and feel more involved in the scene through the music and lyrics of the song. Solely from the music there is a sense of love and romance, but also mystery through the lyrics as a name is not mentioned, which indicates the track could have a sense of purpose on any romantic film scene. Upon writing the track in the 1970s Charles Aznavour would not have intended the track to be used in such ways, but with the use of popular music in film becoming more apparent and the increase of the same clichà ©s in film needing to have a sense of place and impact, the use of songs with lyrics are ever increasing. 50s and beyond the soundtrack to our lives The majority of people live with songs in their lives from all kinds of genres, music is neither racial or gender specific. There is something seemingly powerful and inspiring about people being able to fuse music and words together in such a way that songs can be infectious. The music we listen to constantly evolves and songs come and go, but there are songs that make up a soundtrack to our lives and we place value in these songs and seek out permanent versions of them through downloads, CDs and vinyl. The 1950s saw a flourish of soundtracks from films not only as a marketing tool, but as a cromo effect in its own right. Films such as Pulp Fiction, Trainspotting and Waynes World all contain music that could be listened to solely as a source of enjoyment without ever needing to have seen the film, but because the majority of people who have seen the film will remember the songs, its a great reflection of the film or a desire to watch the film again. The industry did not solely target the soundtrack market. When a film is released you can purchase all sorts of novelty, replica or clothing items based on the film and/or the music involved. Since the 1950s a great unification has been seen between the film industry and major record labels, each with their own specific interests but mainly cross-promotion is their sole goal. This interlocking is nothing new, both the film and music industry use each other to sell, which has lead to Hollywood investing countless efforts into the music industry, which is produced economic benefits. Film companies earn millions from the sale of records mainly through theme songs. This is one of the most lucrative cross-promotional tools. Hollywood are using established multi-million selling bands to write or endorse their film by using a song they have written specifically for the film or a previously written song. Linkin park are a prime example of a pre-recorded song and a song written specifically for a film. Transformers 1 saw the use of the Linkin Park track What Ive Done featuring heavily on the film and almost becoming the pinnacle song for the film. This song unofficially became kno wn as The Transformers Song which was a boost for the film companies. As well as getting major airplay because it was the first single off Linkin Parks new album, it was also a 3 minute advertisement for the film. This sparked the film company to hire Linkin Park to write the theme tune to the Transformers sequel, Transformers; Revenge Of The Fallen. After already establishing a mutual appreciation Linkin park agreed, this could only ever be a win-win situation for both parties involved through advertisement alone. With two major names collaborating, either could be mentioned and people would immediately pay more attention to both tracks featured on the soundtracks which in turn became a source of circulating the films title further through imagery and retails displays. popular music and film has had a long standing diverse and exciting relationship. It can give the scene the justification it needs by creating a sense of time or place, established through a few chords and lyrics. Kermode states, More than any other art form, pop music is a disposable, transient product which reflects, mimics and occasionally shapes the zeitgeist, (Kermode 1995:9), but music can help inspire, carry and advertise film, so does music have a greater importance than what we are lead to believe? And can sometimes structure the film to become what it is. Martin Scorsese said that the pop riddled soundtrack to Mean Streets (1973) consists entirely of songs from his New York youth and Which for him still evoke the milieu he was attempting to portray (Kermode 1995:13. In effect without the pop/rock music of Scorseses youth Mean Streets would not be (as time out described) as one of the best American films of the decade,. Did Scorsese make the film it is, because of the music and his youth? Time out also state that it was one of the few to successfully integrate rock music into the structure of film (Timeout n.d.). American Graffiti (1973) is another prime example of pop-laden film and soundtrack and was the first film to capitalise on a pop soundtrack. Up until this point pop songs were only used to give the film a sense of time and place and to give it that modern edge but to no availability in the retail industry. The idea of a modern soundtrack was starting to gain nostalgia and the youth market started to buy into a physical lasting memory of the film via the soundtrack. During the 1980s the relationship between pop music and film became largely symbiotic from a marketing point of view. They were also using classic yesteryear hits to revamp careers and provide titles to films (Stand by me (1986), pretty woman (1990). The marketing of pop songs became very omnipresent which had a profound effect on the market. Artists were beginning to use it to broaden their careers. Film Music the cross over from classical to popular score Without classical Hollywood the pop score used in films today would arguably have no meaning and could be just a random selection of current tracks to reflect the relative trend and used solely as a selling point, however as music in film has evolved so has the use and the function of music in film. American composer Aaron Copeland offers an insight to function of music in film from his perspective and suggest five general areas in which music in film serves its purpose: (I) It conveys a convincing atmosphere of time and place. (II) It underlines underlines the unspoken feeling or psychological states of characters. (III) It serves as a kind of neutral background filler to the action. (IV) It gives sense of continuity to the editing. (V) It accentuates the theatrical build up of a scene and rounds it off with a feeling of finality. (Smith 1998:6) As research by Lauren Anderson (referring to a case study of the British film Sliding Doors 1998 and the New Zealand film Topless women talk about their lives (1997) she concludes pop and rock music does not prohibit the compilation score from successfully fulfilling the functions of classical film score (Anderson:2003 115 (popular music and film book)). This is done in a slightly different way to traditional score as we have other elements to think about. These include: (I) The lyrics (II) The Songs structural independence (III) The wealth of extra-textual meaning The lyrics are the primary focus in these three elements and hold a great understanding of them over classical score, for example we can decipher basic terms, love, hate, happy, sad in both forms of score (aided by the visual elements of film), but only lyrics can convey those meanings on a deeper level Anderson notes (referring to Sliding doors): the songs words frequently reflect Helens thoughts of aspects of her character (Anderson 2003:112). Classical score, although deeply complex and varying, cannot portray such events in a manner than the average viewer would understand. Lyrics also have links to the other two elements but lyrics contribute dominantly to the songs structural independence: smith (1995:348) and Rick Altman (1999) both insist that popular music exhibits greater independence than classical music, in relation to the film as a whole (Anderson 2003:112). The popular score does have drawbacks. One of the drawbacks is that the pop score is not written specifically for the segment of film it features it therefore it is unlikely that its rhythm and its infliction will exactly match the action (Anderson 2003:113) whereas the classical score can be in direct synchronisation and contain unity through musical themes and or leitmotifs. The music chosen can also distract the viewer from the initial response the director is trying to achieve. Hilary Lapedis notes Pop songs in films use pops own emotional conventions and, in so doing, so place those films in a much wider context of popular culture than would be the case with traditional score (Lapedis1999:370) Lapedis points out that music although part of film, it is because they are popular and because the songs trigger familiarity to the members of the audience, by definition they trigger a set of different responses, different to those of the traditional score; Pop music, while having existence separate from the visual system, nevertheless posses its own confided meanings and associations (Lapedis1999: 370) Many others have this theory and have pointed out problems within the pop score. Karthryn Kalinak notes that pop music ignores the fundamentals of film (of which earlier discussed) and that pop music commits the cardinal sin of film scoring it failed to support the story and mood because it was the story and mood, (Kalinak 1992:186-7). Many of the songs chosen were originally pre-recorded and then later chosen for films and not written for the film which can potentially carry emotional baggage for the viewer as Jess smith notes not only was this potentially distracting but these associations might also clash with those established by the narrative (Smith 1998: 164). The other element frequently observed in pop score is extra-textual meanings. Behind each popular song is a sense of socio-historical meaning as well as fulfilling the functions of classical score. This is a two-tiered system which was developed by Noel Caroll, such system a system exists when one device (such as a popular song) can be read on two different levels, according to how much the viewer knows about that device and its associations (Anderson 2003:114). Such method was embraced by directors to give the film hidden depth and meaning to those who were informed as they recognise such things as lyrics, title and or performer and apply the knowledge to the context of the visual. The uninformed viewers however will not be able to access this meaning as they interpret the music as is, thus still being entertained and not distracted by the music itself. ___________________________________________________________________________ These functions can be carried over to pop music in film, as demonstrated in the case study of the film Goodfellas (1990) to which Martin Scorsese uses a soundtrack compiled entirely of pre recorded popular music. H (quote from popping the question). Martin Scorsese explores the thirty year span on the Italian-American mafia, from the adaptation of Nicolas Peleggis best seller Wiseguy , through his film Goodfellas. Martin Scorsese enjoys the use of popular and classical score throughout his films, he appreciated the messages and dynamics of both scores. He is one of the few directors (other being Quentin Tarrentino, William Wellman) who embrace popular music and use it to its full potential popular music has the potential to give movies a forceful, dynamic edge. It doesnt have to serve simply as mood music or be an unimaginative device for establishing a time period. (Scorsese 1995:1). More noticeable the film that has inspired many others has been Goodfellas. The score to the film consist of 40 popular songs, which span the thirty years of the time period of the plot as quoted Scorsese, does not use these songs solely for the purpose of time. The songs also reflect character growth, mood and they are placed intricately into the narrative to provide the informed viewer extra depth, but they also stimulate the un-informed viewer mainly through the range of songs. In some cases the songs act in the way similar to that of classical score, with using synchronisation. The music which chronicles the life of Henry Hill (Ray Liotta) is an eclecti mix of songs from different genres ranging from Jazz to classical rock n roll. The opening credits begins with Tony Bennett singing the song Rags to Riches, as Henry Hill starts the voice-over narration of his life. This is one of the more noticeable uses of depth to the film using popular score. Henry Hill grew up in a poor working class area of New York and had a longing to be part of the organised crime syndicate As far back as I can remember I always wanted to be a gangster (Goodfellas:1990). The title is a great depiction and insight to the story ahead as the scene changes from Henry Hills family and home life to the Mob life across the road, with close up shots of shoes, suits and jewellery. The lyrics to the song hold an even deeper meaning, with expressions of love and romance But in my heart id be king, your love is all that matteres and hold me kiss me tell me that youre mine (Tony Bennett 1953), which is a core theme throughout the film (http://www.timeout.com/film/reviews/72996/mean_streets.html Conclisuon popular music has enjoyed a ever evolving and intimate relationship with cinema. from the 1950s onwards, producers and directors have developed textual strategies for representing and incorporating popular music and its performers in the visual regime (popular music in screen page 222) Popular music on cinema lies closely related to music on all other commercial platforms, such as television and video, in turn these have aided the social consumption of technologies, which are tied closely to such platforms. With great advances in technology advertisers are boasting the cinema experience in your own home, with the advances in LCD/plasma screen technology, surround sound (2.1 all the way up to 7.1) and most recently blu-ray

Hamlet and the Oedipus Complex Essays -- Oedipal Complex William Shak

Hamlet and the Oedipus Complex  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚   William Shakespeare's play Hamlet contains very similar elements to Sophocles' Greek Myth, Oedipus Rex. In the late 1800s through early 1900s, a Doctor based out of Vienna, named Sigmund Freud, developed a theory based on the events of the play Oedipus Rex, which has since been coined the "Oedipus Complex."   Ernest Jones also applied his knowledge of Freudian psychology and wrote a persuasive paper suggesting that Hamlet cannot kill his uncle Claudius because of his repressed feelings for his mother. In the story of Oedipus Rex, Oedipus fulfills a prophecy given to him, by killing his father Laius and by sleeping with his mother Jocasta. When Oedipus realizes he has fulfilled the prophecy he gouges his eyes out, causing blindness.  Ã‚   In Shakespeare's masterpiece Hamlet, the Prince of Denmark finds himself stuck in the Oedipus stage (Uncle instead of his father.)   As the play progresses, Hamlet seems unable to cope with his repressed childhood feelings, leaving him in a state of confusion and melancholy. Hamlet struggles to find truth amongst the people he once trusted. He appears disturbed because of his lustful, feelings for his mother Gertrude, while his hate for his uncle Claudius seems to grow deeper.   There are many parallels that we are able to draw from   Shakespeare's Hamlet to Sophocles' Oedipus Rex. Freud used the Greek myth Oedipus Rex as a means of breaking down the human subconscious. According to Freud, all males suffer from the Oedipus complex. The Oedipus complex can be defined as the male's unconscious drive to lust for his mother and the desire to kill his father. Freud believed that there are two opposing forces that exist within all human beings. He said, that the ... ...nes, E. Hamlet and Oedipus, in Bevington, David Twentieth Century Interpretations of Hamlet. New Jersey:Prentice Hall, 1968 Kovesi, Dr S. Lecture handout 'Hamlet and Psychoanalysis' 2002 Shakespeare, W. Hamlet The Oxford Shakespeare ed. Olver, H.J Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1982 Information regarding Freud's theory and works taken from website addresses http://www.geocities.com/Athens/Crete/4158 (General information) http://www.freudpage.com/en-us/freud/psychotheory1.html (Classic Psychoanalytic Theory) http://www.mii.kurume-u.ac.jp/~leuers/Freud.htmn (Psychoanalytic Theory) http://www.geocities.com/~mhrowell/ (Psychoanalytic Theory) http://fox.klte.hu/~keresofi/psychotherapy/index.shtml (Dictionary of Psychoanalytical Terms) http://www.vuw.ac.nz/psyc/vornikFreud/FRONT.HTM (General information and Psychoanalytic Theory)

How Does Recycling Effect the Environment Essay

Why Is Recycling Important, you may ask. Recycling is reusing materials in original or changed forms rather than discarding them as wastes. In reusing material or changing material into new materials rather than throwing it away the environment as well as we benefit from it. The process of recycling protects the environment. With the world witnessing a global environmental decline, this is considered as one of the most important benefits of recycling. As we, all know that paper is manufactured from trees. As the demand for paper increases, a number of trees are being cut to produce paper. By recycling paper, we can prevent the destruction of forests. Today, a number of forests are being destroyed to meet the ever-increasing demand of paper. Recycling a ton of mixed paper or newspaper is equivalent to saving 12 trees. Given that the trees keep the surrounding environment clean by sucking up carbon dioxide from the air we breathe, it would be wise to use recycled paper as much as possible. Most people would agree that recycling not only affects the environment but it also makes the world a better place for plants and animals. For example, recycling paper products can in the end, preserve a large number of trees that otherwise be used to make new paper. This is one way that recycling directly affects the environment. Trees provide homes for birds and other animals, they provide shade for what would otherwise be a hot and dry land, and they are crucial to the oxygen/carbon dioxide balance in our atmosphere. Recycling can definitely have a positive effect on our world. Paper is not the only item that should be recycled. Glass bottles and plastic containers have become a problem for cities and private companies who operate landfills. The sheer numbers of containers thrown away take up a lot of landfill space, which puts companies and municipalities in the position of having to take up more land for another landfill area. Several decades ago, activists who demonstrated against large companies and their waste products used the phrase, â€Å"There is no away!† What this meant was that we could not really get rid of anything. We can only change its shape and form. Recycling is a way to make this change so that it clutters and pollutes less. Recycling also takes used materials from â€Å"trash† to usable products if handled properly. Scientists and social activists have also pointed out that making new products from recycled materials means less manufacturing. With the correct methods, we can have a comfortable, convenient life without the pollution and massive use of natural resources that manufacturing brings. Reducing the number of landfills might mean a healthier food chain for both humans and animals. When we place materials in landfills and they do not break down over time, we are creating a potentially dangerous situation. The chemicals used in manufacturing many modern-day products can filter into the soil, pollution the water and any plants that grow on or near that area. This is especially true with computer parts, batteries and other items that contain certain chemicals. Recycling used products is one of the best ways to save the environment. It is important to recycle, to avoid environmental harm. Used plastic bottles, glass, and newspapers can be effectively recycled to make useful items. In the long stretch of time, recycling affects the planet positively because we will use less of our natural resources – trees, water, minerals etc. When it comes to the environment, using less means we have more.

English Literature: Poetry Essay

This is a beautiful poem written by the poet Christina Rossetti. Rossetti is known for her contrasting themes of love and death she puts into her poems, ‘Remember’ is no exception. It is quite obvious that Rossetti is talking to a loved one in the poem, most likely a lover. From researching, I have found that Rossetti wrote this poem when she was still in love with Charles Cayley, and also the fact that there is correlation between her life experience and her poems. Falling in love with Charles Cayley, calling off their engagement, and publishing lots of poems, which then became her greatest collection of work. The struggle between the good times and the bad in â€Å"Remember† could happen to be a mirror image of the events of her life. We can also see that there is a sort of conflict between remembering and forgetting for Rossetti in the poem. From lines 1-8 of the poem she kept on repeating the word ‘remember’. However, during lines 9-14, Rossetti kept on suggesting to the person that he/she should forget her if it bought him/her negative feelings. So there is some sort of battle going on between remembering and forgetting throughout the poem. The poem is also set up with the rhyme scheme of ABBAABBAAB. It is set up because it creates a demanding effect for the requests and suggestions Rossetti makes in the poem. Overall, I think that ‘Remember’ is a very pessimistic poem as Rossetti is hinting that she could die on any day. The reality however, was that she did not die until 32 years after she wrote the poem. ‘Refugee Mother and Child’: This is another beautiful yet sad poem. It is written by Chinua Achebe, who is a novelist, professor, poet and a critic. His mother was born in a refugee camp. During her time in the camp, she drew a of a mother holding her dying son in her hands for the last time, this picture portrays the inevitability and the pain involved in the deaths of loved ones. This poem is most likely in dedication to Achebe’s mother. The poem is about a mother, spending the last few moments with her dying son, combing his rust-coloured hair in a place with the aura of disease and sickness. From some intensive research, I found out that the child in the poem is suffering from a disease called â€Å"Kwashiorkor†, which is protein deficiency. Refugee Mother and Child† also foreshadows the death of the child, this is proven when on the third and the last line of the poem. It is describes the agony of a mother watching her child die, some people may compare this scene to Holy Mother Mary and Jesus, when Jesus was slowly dying on the cross. Achebe is part Christian and could have intentionally linked the poem and the things in the bible. There is also something that is slightly controversial in the poem. The fact that â€Å"Most mother there had long since ceased to care†, makes us feel that the mothers are being horrible, selfish and heartless for not caring about their children dying. Then again, the process of watching a beloved child die in their arms could have happened so many times that they got used to it. But I personally think that it is wrong to simply not care. All in all it is a beautiful poem which has touched my heart and to the people who I’ve shown it to in my family, it subtly describes the pain of losing a loved one and it brings back sad and horrifying memories. How they have been successful? ‘Remember’ (by Christina Rossetti) and ‘Refugee Mother and Child’ (by Chinua Achebe) are both poems which portray people approaching death. This essay will explain how each poet has been successful in writing about death. Both the poets give the impression that death is something strangely serene, there are no mentions of violent things taking place. The poems also suggest that death is certain to happen to everyone. In addition, the poets talk about death in the poems as if it were imminent, an event that will change everything. In ‘Remember’ death is described as the reason why Rossetti and the person she is referring to in the poem are separated. It is presented as something that the poet does not want to happen, to leave the person she loves. From her suggestions in the poem and her action, it is evident that the truly loved whoever this poem is for. ‘Refugee Mother and Child’ presents death as a creeping shadow, gradually taking the child into its grasp. This poem does not tell us that the child is dead, only that he is terribly ill and on the verge of passing away. Death has become something that will happen to the child, and already, it is haunting the mother like a ghost.

I am going to analyse a scene from the first ever James bond film Dr No Essay Example

I am going to analyse a scene from the first ever James bond film Dr No Essay Example I am going to analyse a scene from the first ever James bond film Dr No Paper I am going to analyse a scene from the first ever James bond film Dr No Paper In this essay I am going to analyse a scene from the first ever James bond film Dr No. James Bonds real name is Sean Connery. The producers of the film are Harry Saltzman and Albert Broccoli. The director is Terence young. The film was first shown in 1962. It was a big hit. For the scene that I am analysing, I will talk about what happens in the scene, the music that accompanies the scene, and how it fits the action, how well Connery acts in the scene, the camera shots and the camera angles and how well they help to add tension to the scene, the lighting techniques and how ell these add tension, how the scene is staged and how the audience would react when it was first shown. The scene starts with Connery asleep. He is suddenly woken up by an object crawling up his body. He doesnt move to avoid getting hurt. He also starts to sweat because he is very nervous. This tells us that what ever is under his bed sheets is very dangerous enough to make him not move and also to make him sweat. The object slowly reaches near to the top of the bed sheets. This is a tense moment because know one knows what it is so everybody is waiting it to come out from the top of the sheets. When it finally comes out from the top of the sheets everybody is terrified firstly of the huge, hairy legged spider and secondly of the spider being on top of Connery. The spider slowly walks up towards Connerys head. The spider walking slowly on Connery makes the audience feel that they are in that position. As the spider slowly crawls up Connery he tries not to move but he tracks the spider with his eyes as carefully as he can. He does this to look out for a good chance for him to make a mov e. The spider crawls up to his shoulders at this point the audience think that it is going to go onto his face it might even put his hairy legs into his mouth. This makes the audience actually feel what Connery is feeling. The spider suddenly changes direction and crawls off his shoulders and onto the pillow. At this point the audience is relieved but it isnt over yet. Once Connery is safe, he jumps out off the bed onto the floor and kills the spider with an object; probably his shoe. He hits the spider 5 times. He slowly gets, up leans against the wall, runs his hand through his hair and exits the room slowly and shocked. The audience is relieved. At the opening of the scene we hear natural sounds such as crickets. When the spider arrives on to the scene we hear the flute. This suggests that the spider is dangerous. When the spider starts to crawl up Connery arm the music goes up in steps, building tension for the audience. As the spider goes down Connerys arm the music goes down in steps. When the spider crawls off his arm the music goes very tense. When Connery runs around the bed the instruments start to play. When Connery hits the spider 5 times, the drums hit 5 times. In this scene that I am analysing there is no dialogue so all the tension has to be built by the music. Connery acts very nervous because of the poisonous spider that he is dealing with. Connery doesnt want to act very nervous because this wouldnt be following his theme. At the starting of the scene the camera moves down from the window, follows the light onto the bed where Connery is asleep. The camera then focuses on the object which is on Connery. The camera then focuses on Connerys face to show his reaction. The camera moves back to the spider which comes out of the bed sheets. The camera tracks the spider crawling up his arm. The camera keeps on switching between Connery and the spider. They do this to show how Connery reacts. This is also another way in which they create tension. When the spider eventually crawls onto the pillow the camera zooms out to show Connery running out of bed. When Connery has killed the spider the camera follows Connery slowly getting up and exiting the room. In this scene there is simple lighting. There is only one light source, this is the moon. In the room where Connery is asleep you see a mixture of light and dark. This emphasises how hot it is in the hotel room. The hotness of the room tells us that it is a tropical country and in tropical countries there is a lot of scorpions, spiders, snakes etc. The scene is a simple hotel in the room with no extra props such as a gun to take the audiences eyes off Connery and the spider. The door which Connery exits from is left open a bit so Connery can have a smooth exit and doesnt have to fiddle with the door lock. When this movie was first shown in 1960 you would expect the audience to react shocked because dangerous chemicals, explosives and poisonous spiders wont yet discovered. If the movie was shown today it would be very boring because all these things have been discovered and are old news. I think that the movie that I have watched is boring because it has no new discoveries in it. They also talk about things that have already been discovered. I liked some of the movie because it had lots of tension in it. You could also feel that you were in Connerys position.

Microeconomics and property market Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Microeconomics and property market - Term Paper Example In ancient days however, when trade and commerce were still at their primitive stage, market competition was nearly absent and people distinguished the quality of goods according to the craftsmanship of the artisans. Property in those days mainly indicated physical commodities or tangible assets. But with the progress of civilization and the storm of globalisation sweeping over almost every nook and corner of the world, many transformations started taking place simultaneously. These transformations resulted to a renaissance of the social relations and some stringency in the rights of the people, including that of their ownership rights. So, property got a new definition as well. With greater and greater competition seeping into the eventually liberating market structure, people started ruminating way-outs to protect their respective domains in order to stick back in the market competition. That was when the concept of intangible assets got introduced. Intangible assets imply those th at do not have a physical existence but which can be legally owned by an entity. Hence today, the term ‘property’ actually implies tangible as well as intangible assets. The present paper deals with the short-run equilibrium or the market clearing conditions in the property market today. In economic terms, short-run is the span when one or more factors are fixed, so that people have to operate in a more constrained framework. The present study aims to clarify how equilibrium is attained in the short run in the property market and how even a slight external disturbance is capable of shaking its very roots. Broadly speaking, property comprises of two kinds of assets – tangible and intangible. However, a further dissection reveals that there are four main categories of the same, namely - stock of houses (for business or residential purpose), financial assets, developmental assets and

Historical Anagoly Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Historical Anagoly - Essay Example According to (A& E television,2001) â€Å"On September 11, 2001, at 8:45 a.m. on a clear Tuesday morning, an American Airlines Boeing 767 loaded with 20,000 gallons of jet fuel crashed into the north tower of the World Trade Center in New York City†. The terrorist attack was carried out by the Al – Qaeda militant head Osama bin Laden and it gave rise to harsh rivalry between America and Islamic radical group. Since then the most mind boggling historical event was the killing of Osama bin Laden by American militants. The radical leader who swayed American government and security of the nation was killed in a remote Pakistani residence. The terrorist leader was killed and submerged in the sea by the American government and this was a pivotal achievement for the American government. The terrorist attack on World Trade Centre was a moment of threat, danger and insecurity for America but with the killing of Osama bin laden, the country gained the confidence and approval of i ts citizen. Fear of attack The America in its history has never undergone such an attack where the nation lost many of its citizen and right of freedom to act or survive in a peaceful environment. The country was living in fear as the reality was frightening where anytime one could face death or injury without short notice. The smell of death was everywhere, people were scared to step out of house or attend work. They believed and were alerted that any unknown baggage or suspicious man could be a radical element which could denote bomb or explosive. Frankly speaking, America was a safe country and every citizen had the right to live in a peaceful environment. However, with this attack, the country was the least secure nation as the radical elements seared to destroy the nation at any cost. At the same time, the Islamic militants were rejoicing at their success of mutilating America. They believed the culture and strategy of America were to destroy other nation and Islam as the only true religion should abolish Christianity and their cultural practice. The Al – Qaeda which was formulated by Osama bin Laden for the protection of Muslims under attack by America grew to be a large organization which had branches worldwide. They trained suicide bombers and convinced them to fight for the religion. The rigorous religious practice and training give way to September 11 attack which gave joy and success to Osama led Al Qaeda group. According to (Baldor,2013) â€Å"U.S. special operations forces who participated in the raid that killed Osama bin Laden were in uniform and wearing nametags during a CIA award ceremony attended by the writer of the film "Zero Dark Thirty," a Pentagon inspector general's report said Friday† The politics of the event Everybody knows that America as a powerful nation want all countries at their feet. The country had been enemy to many developing nation s as they ruled according to their will and wants their counterparts at their subjugation. The country had a major hand in attacking Afghanis along with Russia. The Osama bin laden has many times confessed that this union of America with Russia has sparked vengeance in him against America. He declared that the Saudi chose him to be a representative to fight against atheist America and Russia. It is a fact that Russians and America as westerners wanted to destroy the solidarity and unity of the growing